Cell signaling is crucial for cells to communicate and function correctly. Disruptions in these pathways, caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors, can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, ...

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide. This disease prompts the ...

T cell activation—the process by which these key immune defenders recognize threats and mobilize against them—depends on ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – November 6, 2025) The enzyme RNA polymerase II transcribes genes into messenger RNA. This process is guided by modifications to the enzyme’s “tail” called phosphorylation patterns.

When a cell receives a message from outside, it generates a molecule called cyclic AMP (cAMP) to relay this message. To ensure the signal reaches the correct effector without triggering pathways ...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major global health challenge by compromising the effectiveness of current therapies for infectious diseases. While ...

Every multicellular organism, from tiny worms to humans, elephants, and whales, needs a way for their cells to connect with each other to form tissues, organs, and organize their overall body plan.

A light micrograph of a mouse embryo. RIKEN researchers have created synthetic molecular pathways that illuminate embryonic development. © ...

A wave of recent neuroscience research has identified specific molecular and cellular mechanisms through which alcohol disrupts signaling between brain cells, offering a sharper picture of how ...